文章概况：无损检测培训
Ⅰ. FOR SNT-TC-IA ( 15 Questions 2% each, total 30% )
1. SNT-TC-IA is intended as a guideline for employers: ( )
A. to establish their own written practice that must be used as a strict specification
B. to establish their own written practice for the qualification and certification of their
NDT personnel.
C. to define training course requirements for contractors performing outside training
services
D. who are corporate members of ASNT.
E. to impose upon their suppliers as a mandatory requirement.
SNT-TC-1A可供雇主作哪方面的指南？ ( )
A．制订本单位的实施细则，此细则必须作为严格的技术文件
B．制订本单位NDT人员资格评定和认证实施细则
C．对进行外培训服务的签约人规定培训课程要求
D．与ASNT合作
E．承制方要承担的强制性要求
2. ASNT intended that the recommendations of SNT-TC-1A be applied. ( )
Grade
2
A. with flexibility and reason
B. precisely as written
C. as minimum requirements
D. as maximum requirements
E. only when work is being done in accordance with a code or specification.
ASNT对SNT-TC-1A推荐的应用有何忠告？ ( )
A．既要灵活，又要合理 B．应拘泥于条文
C．视为最低要求 D．视为最高要求
E．只有按规程、规范工作时才应用
3. Use of SNT-TC-1A is mandatory when: ( )
A. the material being tested is for a U.S. Air force contract
B. the material being tested is for a U.S. navy contract.
C. it has been specified by the customer.
D. the material being tested is for a U.S. Army contract which requires certification of
NDT personnel.
E. any of the above cases occurs.
什么情况下，应用SNT-TC-1A就是强制性的？ （ ）
A．被检材料是美国空军签约的
B．被检材料是美国海军签约的
C．已由用户指定时
D．被检材料是美国陆军签约的，要求对NDT人员认证
E．以上均是
4. According to SNT-TC-1A which of the following is not true for a level Ⅲ?
( )
A. Shall be capital of assisting in establishment of acceptance criteria.
B. Must train and examine the Level Ⅰ and Ⅱpersonnel in his/her organization
C. Should be familiar with other commonly used NDT methods.
D. Shall be capable of establishing techniques and selection of test methods.
按SNT-TC-1A，下列哪一条对Ⅲ级人员并不适用？ （ ）
A． 应能协助制定验收标准
B． 必须在其单位内培训和考核Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级人员
C． 应熟悉其他常用NDT法
D． 应能制定技术和选定检测方法
3
5. In accordance with SNT-TC-1A, who is responsible for establishing a written practice for
the control and administration of NDT personnel training, examination, and certification?
( )
A. The NDT level Ⅲ.
B. The employer
C. ASNT.
D. An appropriate regulatory authority.
按SNT-TC-1A，谁负责制订有关NDT人员培训、考试和认证控制及管理的书面实施细则？ （ ）
A．NDT-Ⅲ级 B．雇主
C．ASNT D．相应管理权威
6. What factors are to be considered to ensure that a candidate for certification in NDT
understands the principles and procedures involved? ( )
A. Training, experience, and education.
B. Training, experience, and prior certifications held.
C. Education, experience, and percentage of time on the job doing NDT.
D. Training, experience, and professional credentials.
E. Training, experience, and familiarity with the employers product and customer
requirements.
为保证NDT认证应试人能理解有关原理和程序，应考虑哪些因素？ （ ）
A．培训、经验和学历
B．培训、经验和已有证书
C．培训、经验和从事NDT工作所占时间百分比
D．培训、经验和专业证书
E．培训、经验以及对雇主产品和用户要求的熟悉程度
7. It is recommended that a training program for qualification and certification purpose
should include: ( )
A. organized training in the principles and practices of the method.
B. training applicable to the practices to be used and the products to be tested
C. examination to varify that the training material has been comprehended
D. all of the above.
E. only A and C.
为资格评定和认证而推荐的培训计划应包括： （ ）
A．对方法原理和实际操作组织培训
B．针对要用的实际操作和被检产品进行培训
C．为证明对培训教材是否已理解而进行的考试
4
D．以上全是
E．仅A和C
8. The general examination is intended to cover: ( )
A. basic test principles unique to the employer/s needs.
B. Only the material included in the training course outlines of SNT-TC-1A.
C. the equipment operational capabilities of the candidate
D. the operating procedures that candidate may encounter in his job.
E. all of the above
通用考试要包括： （ ）
A．雇主需求所独有的基本检测原理
B．SNT-TC-1A培训课程大纲中的材料，仅此而已
C．应试人的设备操作能力
D．应试人在工作中可能碰到的操作程序
E．以上全是
9.Which of the following statements is true with regard to the administration of written examinations?
( )
A. The examinee should not be permitted access to any reference material.
B. Reference data may be supplied for the practical examination only.
C. Level Ⅲ personnel should be required to memorize everything except codes, specifications
and procedures.
D. Codes, specifications, and procedures may be provided to examinees for reference during
examinations provided that they do not contain data that can be used to answer questions in the
general examination.
E. None of the above are true.
有关部门笔试的管理，下列哪种说法对？ （ ）
A．考生不得使用任何参考材料
B．只对实际考试可提供参考数据
C．对Ⅲ级人员要求除法规、规范和程序文件外，其他都要记住
D．考试时，可将法规、规范、程序文件供给考生参考，只要其中不包含通用考试答题
用的数据
E． 以上都不对
10. In certification of level Ⅲ personnel according to the recommendations of SNT-TC-1A, the
employer: （ ）
A. must give written examinations.
B. must give General and Specific examinations.
C. may delete the specific examination.
5
D. can waive written examinations if oral examinations are given in their place.
按SNT-TC-1A推荐，雇主对Ⅲ级人员的认证： （ ）
A．必须对其进行笔试
B．必须对其进行通用和专业考试
C．可免去其专业考试
D．只要进行现场口试，可免去笔试
11. which of the following statements is true concerning recertification? ( )
A. Recertification can be accomplished only by reexamination at least once every three years.
B. Recertification can be least upon evidence of continuing satisfactory performance.
C. Once certified to a particular level, certification can only be terminated if the certified individual
terminates employment with the certifying employer.
D. Reexamination of a certified individual can be accomplished only after three years at a
particular level.
关于重新认证，下列哪种说法对？ （ ）
A． 至少每三年一次重新考试后，方可重新认证
B． 重新认证可根据业绩良好的连续工作证明
C． 某一等级的持证者，只有对发证雇主持辞职后，其证书才无效
D． 某一等级的持证者，只有三年后，才能进行更新考试
1-12.A certified level Ⅲ individual terminates his/her employment with employer A and is immediately
employed by employer B. Employer B may certify the individual as level Ⅲ based upon which of
the following? （ ）
A. The employer must examine the individual.
B. The employer must examine the individual if he/she has not been working as a level Ⅲ during
the past six months.
C. The employer may recertify the individual to level Ⅲ but only after six months of satisfactory
service.
D. The employer may waive examination if the individual can provide evidence of demonstrated
ability, achievement, experience, and education.
某人持Ⅲ级证向雇主A辞职后，随即为雇主B聘用，则雇主B可根据下列哪一条对其Ⅲ级资格进行
认证？ （ ）
A． 雇主必须对其考试
B． 若以往6个月内此人未从事Ⅲ级工作，雇主必须对其考试
C． 雇主可对其Ⅲ级资格重新认证，但先要试用6个月且业绩良好
D． 若此人可提供有关部门能力、成就、经验和学历的证明，雇主可对其免试
6
1-13. Individuals certified to ASNT NDT Level Ⅲare considered to have met the: （ ）
A. employers written practice requirements.
B. requirements of ASNT/ASNT CP-189.
C. requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.
D. guidelines of SNT-TC-1A(Basic and Method Examinations)
对ASNT NDTⅢ级持证者可认为已满足了什么要求？ （ ）
A．雇主的书面实施细则 B．ANSI/ASNT CP-189
C．ASME锅炉、压力容器法规 D．SNT-TC-1A导则（基础和方法考试）
1-14.When the near-distance, visual acuity examination is given using the reading card with
jaeger letters, it must be given: （ ）
A. in accordance with a procedure.
B. by a person approved by the NDT Level Ⅲ.
C. at least once a year.
D. by all of the above.
对用Jaeger字母阅读卡进行近距离视力检查有何要求？ （ ）
A．按程序文件进行 B．由NDTⅢ级认可的人员进行
C．至少每年一次 D．以上全是
1-15. The employers Level Ⅲ is responsible for certification of : （ ）
A. Levels Ⅰ and Ⅱ.
B. outside inspection services and consultant.
C. other Level Ⅲ within the organization.
D. all of the above.
E. none of the above.
雇主的Ⅲ级负责哪方面的认证工作？ （ ）
A．Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级 B．外来检测人员和咨询者
C．单位内的其他Ⅲ级人员 D．以上均是
E． 以上均非
2. FOR MATERIALS, FABRICATION AND PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY (20 Questions 2each,
total 40%)
2-1.Which of the following statements best differentiates between a defect and a discontinuity? ( )
Grade
7
A. Discontinuities can propagate and become defects.
B. All discontinuities are defects.
C. All defects will lead to failure if undetected; discontinuities can be harmless.
D. Discontinuities are external natural boundaries only; defects are internal flaws originating from
errors in processing.
下列哪种说法最能区分缺陷与不连续性？ （ ）
A．不连续性会扩展成缺陷
B．所有不连续性都是缺陷
C．如不检出，所有缺陷都会导致失效，而不连续性可能无害
E． 不连续性只指自然外形；而缺陷存在于内部，由加工不当引起
2-2. A particular type of steel has an ultimate strength of 80,000 pounds per square inch(psi), an elastic
limit of 60,000 psi, and a yield strength of 62,000 psi. An allowable design stress of 20,000 psi is
used.What is the factor of safety based on the ultimate strength? （ ）
A. 0.25 B. 0.33 C. 3.0 D. 3.1 E. None of the above
某种钢的极限强度为80,000psi（1b/in2），弹性极限为60,000psi，屈服强度为62,000psi，
若许用设计应力为20，000psi，问基于极限强度的安全系数是多少？ （ ）
A．0．25 B．0．33
C．3 D．3．1 E． 以上均非
2-3.Metal corrosion that is accelerated when the metal is under loads is called: （ ）
A. pitting corrosion
B. galvanic corrosion
C. electrochemical corrosion
D. stress corrsion
金属在加载状态下加速腐蚀的现象称为： （ ）
A．坑蚀 B．电蚀
C．电化蚀 D．应力腐蚀
2-4.When used as in process treatment, recrysterilization can: （ ）
A. improve ductility.
B. refine grains.
C. increase hardness.
D. result in both a and b above.
E. result in a , b, and c above.
再结晶用于加工处理时，能： （ ）
8
A．改善延展性 B．细化晶粒
C．提高硬度 D．A和B
E．A、B和C
2-5. Typically, the highest quality of steel is produced in : （ ）
A. an electric furnace.
B. a open-hearth furnace.
C. a Bessemer furnace.
D. a basic oxygen furnace.
通常，哪种炼钢炉炼出的钢质量最好？ （ ）
A．电炉 B．平炉
C．酸性转炉 D．基氧炉
2-6. The heat treatment of aluminum for the purpose of hardening and strengthening （ ）
A. is not possible with aluminum alloys because they contain no carbon and cannot undergo
allotropic changes.
B. can produce tensile strengths equivalent to some carbon steels.
C. requires the use of special furnaces and is rarely done as a practical application.
D. requires that iron and carbon be alloyed for the best results.
为硬化和强化铝，可否对铝作热处理？ （ ）
A． 因不含碳，不能产生同位素异晶变化，故不能对铝合金作热处理
B． 能产生等效于某些碳钢的拉伸强度
C． 要用特殊的热处理炉，实际很少这样做
D． 要求与铁、碳形成合金，以得最佳结果
2-7. During the solidification of a casting, the shrinkage that occurs: （ ）
A. may cause porosity and shrinkage cavities primarily in the outer surface where the metal cools
first.
B. requires that the pattern used be slightly smaller than the desired dimension of the finished
casting. may cause cavities that are enlarged by the evolution of gases.
C. may cause cavities that are enlarged by the evolution of gases.
D. may result from all of the above.
在铸造凝固过程中出现的收缩： （ ）
A． 主要在金属首先冷却的外表面引起气孔和缩孔
B． 要求所用铸模小于成品铸件尺寸
C． 可能会产生因气体放出而扩大的孔洞
9
D． 以上均可能产生
2-8.Which of the following is true regarding solidification of molten metal in a casting mold? （ ）
A. The metal cools at a constant rate, thus providing fine equiaxed grains throughout.
B. Cooling takes place in phases having different rates that produce different types of grain
structure in different sections of the casting.
C. Solidification occurs at a constant rat, beginning at the interior of the casting and progressing
outward.
D. Thick sections tend to cool more rapidly than sections because thin sections consist mostly of
fine equiaxed grains.
关于熔化金属在铸模中的凝固，下列哪一条是正确的？ （ ）
A． 金属以恒定的速率冷却，因而始终产生细等轴晶粒
B． 冷却可发生不同速率的相变，在铸件的不同部位会产生不同的晶粒组织
C． 凝固时速率不变，从铸件内部开始并向外扩展
D． 因薄截面主要由细等轴晶组成，故厚截面冷却比薄截面快
2-9. The uneven shrinkage and brittle structures that occur due to the rapid cooling of a weld can often
be reduced by: （ ）
A. preheating the weldment prior to welding.
B. using a filler metal with a higher carbon content than the base metal.
C. clamping the weldment in a rigid fixture.
D. overdesigning the size of the weldment to prevent shrinkage.
因焊缝快冷引起的收缩不均和脆性结构，通常可通过什么工艺减轻？ （ ）
A．焊前预热焊件 B．用含碳量高于母材的填充金属
C．用刚性夹具夹紧焊件 D．放宽焊件设计尺寸，防止收缩
2-10. Welds and weldments have been known to develop cracks long after cooling but prior to being
used in service.What is the principle cause for such cracks? （ ）
A. Accelerated corrosion at high temperature.
B. Scattered porosity in the weld.
C. Improper selection of base material.
D. Excessive residual stresses.
有些焊缝和焊件在冷却后，过很长时间但未使用前会产生裂纹，产生这种裂纹的`主要原因是什么？
（ ）
A．高温下加速腐蚀 B．焊缝中有网状气孔
C．母材选择不当 D．残余应力过大
10
2-11.Which of the following welding processes uses a non consumable electrode with the arc
maintained in an atmosphere of inert gas? （ ）
A. Gas Tungsten Arc welding.
B. Submerged Arc welding.
C. Gas Metal Arc welding.
D. Electroslag welding.
下列哪种焊接工艺使用非熔化电极而电弧保持在椭性气体的气氛中？ （ ）
A．气体保护钨极电弧焊 B．埋弧焊
C．气体保护金属电弧焊 D．电渣焊
2-12. The principal purpose of pre-heat treatment and post-heat treatment in welds is to : （ ）
A. reduce the probability of formation of porosity in the weld.
B. neutralize residual stresses and geometric distortion.
C. create grains in the weld that are the same as those in the base metal.
D. cause the weld ripple and reinforcement to blend into the base metal.
焊缝预热处理和后热处理的主要目的是： （ ）
A．减小焊缝中气孔产生几率 B．减少残余应力和几何变形
C．使焊缝晶粒与母材相同 D．使焊波和余高与母材连成一体
2-13. Thermal conductivity of a metal is an important factor to consider in making quality of weldments
because: （ ）
A. some metals, such as aluminum, have a low conductivity, which results in weld defects due to
localized head build-up.
B. some metals, such as stainless steel, have a high conductivity, which results in lack of fusion
defects as the heat is quickly removed from the weld zone.
C. in some metals , such as aluminum, very high temperature gradients are produced, causing
stresses during cooling.
D. all of the above.
E. none of the above.
金属导热率是焊出优质焊件要考虑的重要因素，理由是： （ ）
A． 有些金属如铝，导热率低，会因热量积累和局部集中而造成焊接缺陷
B． 有些金属如不锈钢，导热率高，热量会从焊区迅速移走，易导致未熔合缺陷
C． 有些金属如铝，会产生很高的温度梯度，冷却过程中会引起应力
D． 以上都对
E．以上都不对
11
2-14. Machinability and fatigue are improved in most metals that have been: （ ）
A. hot worked
B. cold worked.
C. heat treated.
D. cast.
大多数金属经什么工序后能改善可切性和抗疲劳性？ （ ）
A．热加工 B．冷加工
C．热处理 D．铸造
2-15.Weldments subject to restraint during welding can develop high residual stress. Unrestrained
weldments can develop: （ ）
A. geometric distortion.
B. high residual stresses.
C. cracking after the weld has cooled.
D. all of the above.
焊接过程中焊件受约束会产生残余应力，而不受约束的焊件也可能产生： （ ）
A．几何变形 B．高残余应力
C．焊后冷裂纹 D．以上均可能
2-16. Most new developments in sheet metal forming typically use non conventinonal energy sources.
what is a common feature for these processes? （ ）
A. The use of lasers for controlled heat input.
B. The use of cryogenics to super-cool the metal prior to forming.
C. The use of energy sources that release large amounts of energy in a very short time.
D. The use of large autoclaves that contain both the tooling and the metal work formed.
金属板成形加工的新成果大多使用非常规能源，这些新工艺有何共同点？ （ ）
A．用激光以控制热输入
B．在成型前用低温法对金属作超冷处理
C．所用能源能在短时间内释放巨大能量
E． 用高压釜，釜内放刀具和加工金属
2-17. In describing machinability, three different measurements are generally considered on a relative, if
not quantitative, basis, these are: （ ）
A. shear, tenside, and impact strength of the material being machined.
B. surface finish of the material achievable, power consumption required to remove a given
volume of material, and expected tool life.
12
C. softness of the material, sharpness of the catting tool, and type of machine used to remove the
material.
D. volume of material before maching, volume of material after maching, and time required
removed that volume.
在描述机加工性能时，一般要考虑哪三种不同的量值？ （ ）
A． 被加工材料的抗剪、抗拉和冲击强度
B． 可达到的材料表面光洁度、切削一定体积材料所需功率消耗，以及刀具寿命
C． 材料软度、刀具锐度及切削材料的机型
D． 材料加工前后的体积及切削该体积所需时间
2-18. The mechanism of adhesion combines mechanical interlocking and: （ ）
A. stickiness of the adhesive
B. roughness of the adherents.
C. dynamic mechanical forces.
D, interatomic forces.
E. all of the above.
粘接机理是将机械连接与什么结合起来的？ （ ）
A．粘结剂粘结性 B．被粘物粗糙度
C．动态机械力 D．原子间的力
E． 以上均是
2-19. The burn-off rate and amount of spattering during the arc welding process can often be controlled
by: （ ）
A. proper post-heating of the entire weldment.
B. frequent changing of the tungsten electrode.
C. maintaining the longest arc length possible to reduce the heat in the weld zone.
D. selecting the proper electrode polarity.
对电弧焊中的熔化率和滴落量常用什么方法来控制？ （ ）
A．对整个焊件作适当焊后热处理
B．经常改变钨极极性
C．尽量拉长电弧，以降低焊区热量
D． 选择适当的电极极性
2-20. In welding, the most obvious defects are those associated with structural discontinuities in the
weld itself Other conditions that can also be considered as defects are: （ ）
A. improper weld dimensions and profiles.
B. base metal irregularties that have been enlarged by welding stresses and distortion.
C. structurally sound welds, but those with inadequate properties caused by errors in filler metal
selection
D. both A and C .
13
E. all of the above.
在焊缝中，大多数明显的缺陷与焊缝本身的结构不连续性有关，其他也可视为缺陷的状态是：
（ ）
A． 焊缝外形、尺寸不适当
B． 因焊接应力和变形而加重的母材不规则状态
C． 结构完好的焊缝，但因填充金属选择不当而产生的性能不良
D． A和C
E．以上都是
3.FOR VARIOUS NDT METHODS(20 questions 1.5% each, total 30%)
3-1. The Kaiser effect refers to : （ ）
A. velocity changes due to temperature changes.
B. low amplitude emissions from aluminum structures.
C. the behavior where emission from a source will no occur until the previous load is exceeded.
D. none of the above.
凯塞（Kaiser）效应是指： （ ）
A．温度变化引起的声速变化
B．铝结构产生的低幅发射
C．超过以前的应力值后，声源才有发射的特性
D． 以上均非
3-2.When penetrant testing Titanium alloys, the materials used in the penetrant system should not
contain any constituent quantities of : （ ）
A. carbon or oil
B. halogenated solvents
C. emulsifier oroil
D. fluorescent agent
对钛合金作PT时，渗透材料中不得含有哪些有害物质？
A. 碳或油B. 卤化溶剂C. 乳化剂或油类D. 荧光剂
3-3.When the electrical current in an eddy current coil reverses direction, the: （ ）
A. direction of the eddy currents in a part remains the same.
B. eddy currents in the test part will change phase by 45°.
Grade
14
C. direction of the eddy currents in the part also reverses.
D. eddy currents in the part remain the same.
当电流在涡流线圈中倒向时， （ ）
A．试件中的涡流方向保持不变 B．试件中的涡流相变45°
C．试件中涡流也倒向 D．试件中涡流保持不变
3-4. The penetration of eddy currents in a conductive material is decreased when the: （ ）
A. test frequency or conductivity of the specimen is decreased.
B. test frequency is decreased or conductivity of the specimen is increased.
C. test frequency, conductivity of the specimen, or permeability of the specimen is increased.
D. permeability of the specimen is decreased.
涡流在导体材料中的透入深度随什么而减小？ （ ）
A．检测频率或试件电导率减小
B．检测频率减小或试件电导率增大
C．检测频率、试件电导率或磁导率增大
D． 试件磁导率减小
3-5.Which of the following discontinuities are easiest to detect with an eddy current test?(Assume
that the area of the discontinuity is equal in all 5 choices listed) （ ）
A. A subsurface crack which lies parallel to the direction of the eddy current.
B. A discontinuity located in the center of a 51mm(2in)diameter bar.
C. A radial crack that extends to the outer surface of a 51mm(2in)diameter bar.
D. A subsurface radial crack located at depth of 13 mm(0.5in) in a 51 mm(2 in)diameter bar.
E. A surface crack that lies parallel to the direction of the eddy current.
下列哪种缺陷用ET最易检出？ （ ）
A．与涡流方向平行的近表面裂纹
B．φ51mm棒材中心的缺陷
C．φ51mm棒材中延伸到外表面的径向裂纹
D．φ51mm棒材中近表面深13mm的径向裂纹
E． 与涡流方向平行的表面裂纹
3-6.What magnetic property does a paramagntic material possess? （ ）
A. Highly magnetic
B. No magnetic property at all
C. Slightly magnetic
D. A demonotrated lack of electron mobility
15
顺磁材料具有什么磁特性？ （ ）
A. 强磁性B. 无磁性C. 弱磁性D. 无电子流动
3-7. Potentially, the most sensitive leak testing technique is the: （ ）
A. bubble test.
B. pressure change test.
C. mass spectrometer test.
D. liquid penetrate test.
最灵敏的LT法是： （ ）
A．气泡法 B．压力变化法
C．质谱仪法 D．液体渗透法
3-8. In an evacuated system, sensitivity of a pressure change leak test is dependent not only on the
pressure change observed, but also on the degree of out gassing. Outgassing is best defined as:
（ ）
A. the viscosity of the pressurizing gas.
B. being directly proportional to the temperature of the gas.
C. the release of gases which were absorbed into the walls of the test container
D. the drop in test pressure due to leakage from the vacuum manifold.
E. a phenomenon whereby gases in an evacuated system eventually leak to the outside of the
system if vacuum is maintained
真空系统中，压力变化检漏灵敏度不只取决于所观测到的压力变化，还取决于漏气程度，
所谓漏气是指： （ ）
A．加压气体的粘滞性
B．正比于气体温度
C．检测容器壁内所吸收的气体释放出来
D．真空导管漏孔引起的检测压力下降
E． 保持真空时，排空系统中的气体最终泄漏到系统外部的现象
3-9.Factors which must be considered when interpreting an indication are: （ ）
A. the direction of the magnetic field
B. the strength of the beakage field at the indication
C. the oriontation and shape of the indication
D. all the above
评定磁痕时必须考虑的因素是（ ）
A. 磁场方向B. 磁痕处的漏磁场强度C. 磁痕方向和形状D. 以上均是
16
3-10. The angle the eye makes with respect to the normal to the inspection surface should not:
（ ）
A. exceed 70 degrees
B. exceed 45 degrees
C. exceed 5 degrees
D. be considered.
眼睛相对于被检表面垂线的视角应： （ ）
A．≯70° B．≯45°
C．≯5° D．不必考虑
3-11.When looking for surface conditions the illumination angle should be: （ ）
A. between 5 and 45°, measured form the normal
B. between 20 and 60°, measured form the normal
C. between 20 and 45°, measured form the part surface
D. between 5 and 45°, measured form the part surface
观察表面状态时，照明角应： （ ）
A．对法线偏斜5°~45° B．对法线偏斜20°~60°
C．对工件表面偏斜20°~45° D．对工件表面偏斜5°~45°
3-12. The speed with which a penetrant penetrates a sreface flaw is influenced to the greatest extent by
which of the following properties? （ ）
A. Density
B. Surface tension and wetting ability
C. Viscosity
D. Relative weight
渗透剂渗入表面缺陷的速度在很大程度上取决于下列哪特性？ （ ）
A. 密度B. 表面张力和润湿力
C. 粘度D. 相对重量
3-13. Materials that are exposed to thermal neutron beams: （ ）
A. must not be handled for at least 3 minutes after exposure has ceased.
B. must be stored in a lead-lined room.
C. may be radioactive after exposure to neutrons has ceased.
D. should be monitored by means of a neutron counter.
E. present no particular problems since they cannot be radioactive.
受热中子照射的材料： （ ）
A． 照射中止至少3分钟不得用手拿
17
B． 必须存放在铅房内
C．中子照射停止后，含有放射性
D．要用中子计数器进行监控
E．有效的转换屏
3-14. Many of the absorption differences between neutrons and X-rays indicate that the two techniques:
（ ）
A. cause radiation problems.
B. complement each other.
C. can be used interchangeably.
D. can both be used to image hydrogenous materials equally well.
E. are in no manner related.
中子与X射线在吸收上的许多差别, 说明这两种技术: （ ）
A．会引起辐射问题
B．可互补
C．可互换使用
D．均可用于含氢材料的成像, 效果一样好
E. 在方法上无关
3-15. The acoustic emission signal amplitude is related to : （ ）
A. the preset threshold.
B. the intensity of the source.
C. the band pass filters.
D. background noises.
声发射信号幅度相关于： （ ）
A．预定阀值 B．声源强度
C．带通滤波器 D．背景噪声
3-16.When testing with eddy current, discontinuities will be most easily detected when the eddy
currents are: （ ）
A. coplanar with the major dimension of the discontinuity.
B. perpendicular to the major plane of the discontinuity.
C. parallel to the major dimension of the discontinuity.
D. 90°out of place with the current in the coil.
用ET时，涡电流在什么情况下最易检出缺陷？（假定缺陷面积一定） （ ）
A．与缺陷主尺寸在同一平面时 B．与缺陷主平面相垂直时
18
C．与缺陷主尺寸相平行时 D．与线圈电流相位差90°时
3-17.When eddy current testing tubing with a system that includes a frequency discriminating circuit,
which of the following variables would be classified as a high-frequency variable? （ ）
A. Small discontinuities.B. Conductivity changes.
C. Diameter changes.D.Wall thickness variations.
使用有频率分选电路的系统对管材作ET时，下列哪种变量属于高频变量？ （ ）
A．小缺陷 B．电导率变化
C．直径 D．壁厚变化
3-18.Which of the following physical properties, more than any other, determines what makes a
material a good penetrant? （ ）
A. Viscosity
B. Surface
C.Wetting ability
D. No one single properly determines if a material will or will not be a good penetrant
一种渗透剂好不好主要取决于哪一物理特性？ （ ）
A. 粘度
B. 表面张力
C. 润湿力
D. 渗透剂好坏并不取决于单一特性
3-19. The resolution of the human eye at a distance about 31cm(12 in) is nearest: （ ）
A. 0.03mm(0.001 in)
B. 0.08mm(0.003 in)
C. 0.3mm(0.010 in)
D. 1.3mm (0.050 in)
人眼在距离约310mm（12in）时的分辨率为： （ ）
A．0.03mm（0.001in） B．0.08mm（0.003in）
C．0.3mm（0.010in） D．1.3mm（0.050in）
3-20. Effective visual inspection relies on which of the following factors? （ ）
A. An awareness of the possible caucus of defects.
B. An awareness of how the part has been used.
C. Precleaning and environmental factors such as temperature and noise.
D. All of the above.
19
VT的有效性相关于什么因素？ （ ）
A．对缺陷成因的熟悉程度
B．对工件使用情况的熟悉程度
C．预清洗及环境因素（温度、噪声等）
D．以上均是
